# CJC-1295 References: The Studies Behind This Digest

> CJC-1295 references: the full citation list behind this digest, with DOIs and PubMed links — the human pharmacokinetic studies, the albumin-bioconjugate work, and the reviews.

Every quantitative claim on this site maps to one of these entries. Peer-reviewed journals, with DOIs and PubMed identifiers where available.

## How to read these CJC-1295 references

These CJC-1295 references are the complete source list for the digest. The core human pharmacokinetics come from three studies in the mid-2000s [1][3][5]; the foundational chemistry — the albumin bioconjugate that defines the DAC form — comes from the 2005 identification of CJC-1295 [2]. The remaining entries map the surrounding biology: the enzymatic degradation of native GHRH [11], the GHRH-knockout mouse growth study [4], the IGF-1 muscle-signaling and somatopause reviews [7][8], and recent syntheses placing the GHRH-analog class in context [13][14]. Where an entry carries a DOI or PubMed ID, it is listed; a few older or registry-level items are noted as such for transparency.

## References

[1] Teichman SL, Neale A, Lawrence B, Gagnon C, Castaigne JP, Frohman LA. Prolonged stimulation of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I secretion by CJC-1295, a long-acting analog of GH-releasing hormone, in healthy adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91(3):799-805. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16352683/
[2] Jette L, Leger R, Thibaudeau K, Benquet C, Robitaille M, Pellerin I, et al. Human growth hormone-releasing factor (hGRF)1-29-albumin bioconjugates activate the GRF receptor on the anterior pituitary in rats: identification of CJC-1295 as a long-lasting GRF analog. Endocrinology. 2005;146(7):3052-3058. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15817669/
[3] Ionescu M, Frohman LA. Pulsatile secretion of growth hormone (GH) persists during continuous stimulation by CJC-1295, a long-acting GH-releasing hormone analog. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91(12):4792-4797. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17018654/
[4] Alba M, Fintini D, Sagazio A, Lawrence B, Castaigne JP, Frohman LA, Salvatori R. Once-daily administration of CJC-1295, a long-acting growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) analog, normalizes growth in the GHRH knockout mouse. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2006;291(6):E1290-E1294. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16822960/
[5] Sackmann-Sala L, Ding J, Frohman LA, Kopchick JJ. Activation of the GH/IGF-1 axis by CJC-1295, a long-acting GHRH analog, results in serum protein profile changes in normal adult subjects. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2009;19(6):471-477. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19386527/
[6] Henninge J, Pepaj M, Hullstein I, Hemmersbach P. Identification of CJC-1295, a growth-hormone-releasing peptide, in an unknown pharmaceutical preparation. Drug Test Anal. 2010;2(11-12):647-650. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.233
[7] Mechanisms of IGF-1-mediated regulation of skeletal muscle hypertrophy and atrophy. Cells. 2020;9(9):1970. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32858949/
[8] Giovannini S, Marzetti E, Borst SE, Leeuwenburgh C. Modulation of GH/IGF-1 axis: potential strategies to counteract sarcopenia in older adults. Mech Ageing Dev. 2008;129(10):593-601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mad.2008.08.001
[9] Agonistic analogs of growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) promote wound healing. Oncotarget. 2016. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27494841/
[10] GHRH expression plasmid improves osteoporosis and skin damage in aged mice. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2021. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34507253/
[11] Frohman LA, Downs TR, Heimer EP, Felix AM. Dipeptidylpeptidase IV and trypsin-like enzymatic degradation of human growth hormone-releasing hormone in plasma. J Clin Invest. 1989;83(5):1533-1540. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2565342/
[12] Pharmacokinetics of growth hormone releasing factor [GRF(1-29)NH2] in normal men. (Early GRF(1-29) PK study; older record, registry-level identifiers pending verification.) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=pharmacokinetics+GRF+1-29+NH2+normal+men
[13] Granata R, Leone S, Zhang X, Gesmundo I, et al. Growth hormone-releasing hormone and its analogues in health and disease. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2025. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39537825/
[14] Therapeutic peptides in gerontology: mechanisms and applications for healthy aging. Front Aging. 2026. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42021992/

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A calm, tactile reading of the CJC-1295 research record — the pharmacokinetic studies pressed up plainly and the human gaps marked just as clearly, with no clinic behind the name and nothing here dispensed.